Top 10: Genetics

1. DNA and RNA are replicated, transcript-ed and translated from 5' to 3'

2.When DNA is replicated, it is done by semi conservative replication.  This meaning that the new daughter molecule will have one newly made strand and an old strand.  Watson and Crick made up this model.

3. After the introns are spliced out of the premRNA, the 5' end is capped with the "5' cap" and the 3' end is called with the "polyAtail".  This is to protect the mRNA from hydrolytic enzymes.

4. The wobble positions exists as many amino acids have more than one codon.  For example, UUU and UUC both code for Phe.  Therefore, the third base of the codon and anticodon have more than one option.  

The third base are blue, which are wobble base pairs.

5. The promotor in transcription is the 5TATA3 and the terminator is AAUAA.

6. Translation is initiated at 5'AUG3' and terminated with either UAA, UAG, or UGA.

7. Spliceosomes are made up of snRNPS (protein) and snRNA (RNA nucleotides)

8. There are always three parts in replication, transcription, and translation: Initiation, Elongation, and Termination.

9. Purines have two rings and are adenine and guanine.  Pyrimidines have one ring and are thymine and cytosine.  Purines are therefore more stable because they have two rings.

10.Watson deduced the width of the helix and the spacing between the bases.